Many women report changes to their menstrual cycles while on GLP-1 medications. From more regular periods to heavier bleeding or spotting, understanding what to expect can help you navigate these changes.
Common Menstrual Changes Reported
- • More regular cycles (especially in women with PCOS)
- • Heavier or lighter periods
- • Spotting between periods
- • Changes in PMS symptoms
- • Unexpected pregnancy (due to improved fertility)
Why GLP-1s Affect Menstruation
Weight Loss Effects
Rapid weight loss affects hormone levels—fat tissue produces estrogen, so losing fat can temporarily disrupt hormonal balance.
Improved Insulin Sensitivity
Better insulin function improves ovarian hormone production, which can normalize irregular periods—especially in women with PCOS.
Birth Control Interaction
GLP-1 medications may affect oral birth control absorption due to delayed gastric emptying. Consider backup contraception, especially during GI side effects.
Important Fertility Warning
Pregnancy risk increases on GLP-1 medications:
- • Weight loss and improved insulin sensitivity can restore ovulation
- • "Ozempic babies" are pregnancies in women who thought they couldn't conceive
- • Use reliable non-oral contraception if not trying to conceive
- • Stop GLP-1 medications 2 months before trying to conceive
When to See Your Doctor
Contact your healthcare provider if you experience: very heavy bleeding, periods lasting more than 7 days, severe pain, bleeding between periods that persists, or if you think you might be pregnant.
Official Summary
Menstrual changes are common on GLP-1 medications due to weight loss and hormonal shifts. Many women see improvements, especially if they had irregular periods before. Be aware of increased fertility and use appropriate contraception if not planning pregnancy.